📝 Introduction of Engineering Drawing

Engineering Drawing is a type of technical drawing used to fully and clearly define the requirements of engineered items.

It is called the language of engineers, because engineers and technicians use it to communicate their ideas, designs, and specifications.

It represents the shape, size, features, and assembly of a machine part or structure using lines, symbols, and dimensions.

Unlike artistic drawings, engineering drawing follows international standards (like IS, ISO, BIS, ASME) so that anyone can understand the drawing without confusion.

✨ Importance of Engineering Drawing

1. Universal language for engineers.

2. Helps in manufacturing and assembly of parts.

3. Provides exact dimensions, tolerances, and material details.

4. Used for planning, designing, construction, and maintenance.

5. Ensures accuracy and avoids mistakes.

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📏 Instruments used in Engineering Drawing

1. Drawing Board

Flat wooden or laminated board used as a base to draw.

Has a smooth surface with clips or edges to hold the sheet.

2. Drawing Sheet

Special drawing paper of different sizes (A0, A1, A2, A3, A4).

Placed on drawing board for making drawings.

3. Pencils

Used for drawing lines and writing.

Grades:

2H, H, HB → construction lines

B, 2B, 3B → dark/finishing lines

4. T-Square

Used for drawing horizontal lines and guiding set squares.

Made of wood or plastic, fixed with a working edge.

5. Set Squares

Transparent plastic triangles (usually 45°–45°–90° and 30°–60°–90°).

Used for vertical, inclined, and parallel lines.

6. Protractor

Semi-circular or circular instrument.

Used to measure and draw angles (0°–180° or 0°–360°).

7. Compass

Used to draw circles, arcs, and bisect lines.

Made of steel or plastic, with pencil/lead fixing.

8. Divider

Similar to compass but has two sharp ends.

Used to transfer and compare distances on drawings.

9. Scale (Ruler)

Used to measure or draw straight lines of required length.

Different scales: full scale (1:1), reduced (1:2, 1:5), enlarged (2:1, 5:1).

10. French Curve

A plastic curved instrument.

Used to draw irregular curves.

11. Eraser & Duster

For erasing pencil lines and cleaning the drawing board.

12. Mini Drafter (Modern Tool)

Combination of scale, protractor, and set square.

Fixed on the drawing board, helps in drawing parallel, inclined, and vertical lines easi

ly.

✅ In short:

Engineering Drawing = Language of Engineers

Instruments = Tools to communicate ideas accurately

📝 Engineering Drawing – MCQs

Q1. Engineering drawing is also called the:

a) Language of machines

b) Language of engineers

c) Language of art

d) Language of design

✅ Answer: b) Language of engineers

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Q2. Which instrument is used for drawing horizontal lines?

a) Compass

b) T-Square

c) Divider

d) Set Square

✅ Answer: b) T-Square

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Q3. Which pencil grade is used for light construction lines?

a) 2B

b) HB

c) 2H

d) 3B

✅ Answer: c) 2H

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Q4. Which instrument is used for drawing circles and arcs?

a) Divider

b) Compass

c) French curve

d) Protractor

✅ Answer: b) Compass

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Q5. Which instrument is used to transfer distances from one place to another?

a) Divider

b) Compass

c) Scale

d) Protractor

✅ Answer: a) Divider

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Q6. The instrument used to measure and draw angles is:

a) Compass

b) Protractor

c) T-Square

d) French Curve

✅ Answer: b) Protractor

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Q7. Set Squares are generally available in:

a) 30°–60° and 45°–45°

b) 60°–60° and 30°–30°

c) 15°–45° and 75°–90°

d) 25°–65° and 35°–55°

✅ Answer: a) 30°–60° and 45°–45°

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Q8. Which instrument is used to draw irregular curves?

a) Scale

b) French Curve

c) Compass

d) Divider

✅ Answer: b) French Curve

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Q9. Which tool is a modern combination of T-square, set squares, and protractor?

a) Compass

b) Drafter

c) Scale

d) Divider

✅ Answer: b) Drafter

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Q10. Which drawing sheet size is the largest?

a) A4

b) A2

c) A1

d) A0

✅ Answer: d) A0

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Q11. Which pencil is used for dark finishing lines?

a) 2H

b) 3B

c) H

d) HB

✅ Answer: b) 3B

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Q12. The drawing board is usually made of:

a) Steel

b) Aluminium

c) Wood

d) Plastic

✅ Answer: c) Wood

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Q13. Scale of 2:1 represents:

a) Full size

b) Reduced drawing

c) Enlarged drawing

d) Half size

✅ Answer: c) Enlarged drawing

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Q14. BIS stands for:

a) Bureau of Indian Standards

b) Basic International Standards

c) Board of Industrial Studies

d) Bureau of International Studies

✅ Answer: a) Bureau of Indian Standards

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Q15. Which is NOT an instrument of engineering drawing?

a) Compass

b) French curve

c) Vernier caliper

d) T-Square

✅ Answer: c) Vernier caliper